An Empirical Assessment of Transgene Flow from a Bt Transgenic Poplar Plantation.
Identifieur interne : 001530 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001529; suivant : 001531An Empirical Assessment of Transgene Flow from a Bt Transgenic Poplar Plantation.
Auteurs : Jianjun Hu [République populaire de Chine] ; Jin Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Xingling Chen [République populaire de Chine] ; Jinhui Lv [République populaire de Chine] ; Huixia Jia [République populaire de Chine] ; Shutang Zhao [République populaire de Chine] ; Mengzhu Lu [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- PloS one [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Bacillus thuringiensis (génétique), Dispersion des graines (MeSH), Flux des gènes (MeSH), Germination (MeSH), Graines (génétique), Pollen (génétique), Populus (génétique), Populus (physiologie), Protéines bactériennes (génétique), Risque (MeSH), Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (génétique), Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (physiologie), Écosystème (MeSH).
- MESH :
- génétique : Bacillus thuringiensis, Graines, Pollen, Populus, Protéines bactériennes, Végétaux génétiquement modifiés.
- physiologie : Populus, Végétaux génétiquement modifiés.
- Dispersion des graines, Flux des gènes, Germination, Risque, Écosystème.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Bacillus thuringiensis (genetics), Bacterial Proteins (genetics), Ecosystem (MeSH), Gene Flow (MeSH), Germination (MeSH), Plants, Genetically Modified (genetics), Plants, Genetically Modified (physiology), Pollen (genetics), Populus (genetics), Populus (physiology), Risk (MeSH), Seed Dispersal (MeSH), Seeds (genetics).
- MESH :
- chemical , genetics : Bacterial Proteins.
- genetics : Bacillus thuringiensis, Plants, Genetically Modified, Pollen, Populus, Seeds.
- physiology : Plants, Genetically Modified, Populus.
- Ecosystem, Gene Flow, Germination, Risk, Seed Dispersal.
Abstract
To assess the possible impact of transgenic poplar plantations on the ecosystem, we analyzed the frequency and distance of gene flow from a mature male transgenic Populus nigra plantation carrying the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin gene (Bt poplar) and the survival of Bt poplar seeds. The resultant Bt poplar seeds occurred at a frequency of ~0.15% at 0 m to ~0.02% at 500 m from the Bt poplar plantation. The germination of Bt poplar seeds diminished within three weeks in the field (germination rate from 68% to 0%) compared to 48% after three weeks of storage at 4°C. The survival rate of seedlings in the field was 0% without any treatment but increased to 1.7% under the addition of four treatments (cleaning and trimming, watering, weeding, and covering with plastic film to maintain moisture) after being seeded in the field for eight weeks. The results of this study indicate that gene flow originating from the Bt poplar plantation occurred at an extremely low level through pollen or seeds under natural conditions. This study provides first-hand field data on the extent of transgene flow in poplar plantations and offers guidance for the risk assessment of transgenic poplar plantations.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170201
PubMed: 28085955
PubMed Central: PMC5234794
Affiliations:
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Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jin" sort="Zhang, Jin" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jin" last="Zhang">Jin Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Xingling" sort="Chen, Xingling" uniqKey="Chen X" first="Xingling" last="Chen">Xingling Chen</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Changchun Academy of Forestry, Changchun, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Changchun Academy of Forestry, Changchun</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Changchun</settlement><region type="province">Jilin</region><region type="groupement">Dongbei</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lv, Jinhui" sort="Lv, Jinhui" uniqKey="Lv J" first="Jinhui" last="Lv">Jinhui Lv</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jia, Huixia" sort="Jia, Huixia" uniqKey="Jia H" first="Huixia" last="Jia">Huixia Jia</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Shutang" sort="Zhao, Shutang" uniqKey="Zhao S" first="Shutang" last="Zhao">Shutang Zhao</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Mengzhu" sort="Lu, Mengzhu" uniqKey="Lu M" first="Mengzhu" last="Lu">Mengzhu Lu</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PloS one</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Bacillus thuringiensis (genetics)</term><term>Bacterial Proteins (genetics)</term><term>Ecosystem (MeSH)</term><term>Gene Flow (MeSH)</term><term>Germination (MeSH)</term><term>Plants, Genetically Modified (genetics)</term><term>Plants, Genetically Modified (physiology)</term><term>Pollen (genetics)</term><term>Populus (genetics)</term><term>Populus (physiology)</term><term>Risk (MeSH)</term><term>Seed Dispersal (MeSH)</term><term>Seeds (genetics)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Bacillus thuringiensis (génétique)</term><term>Dispersion des graines (MeSH)</term><term>Flux des gènes (MeSH)</term><term>Germination (MeSH)</term><term>Graines (génétique)</term><term>Pollen (génétique)</term><term>Populus (génétique)</term><term>Populus (physiologie)</term><term>Protéines bactériennes (génétique)</term><term>Risque (MeSH)</term><term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (génétique)</term><term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés (physiologie)</term><term>Écosystème (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Bacterial Proteins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Bacillus thuringiensis</term><term>Plants, Genetically Modified</term><term>Pollen</term><term>Populus</term><term>Seeds</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Bacillus thuringiensis</term><term>Graines</term><term>Pollen</term><term>Populus</term><term>Protéines bactériennes</term><term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Populus</term><term>Végétaux génétiquement modifiés</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Plants, Genetically Modified</term><term>Populus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Ecosystem</term><term>Gene Flow</term><term>Germination</term><term>Risk</term><term>Seed Dispersal</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Dispersion des graines</term><term>Flux des gènes</term><term>Germination</term><term>Risque</term><term>Écosystème</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">To assess the possible impact of transgenic poplar plantations on the ecosystem, we analyzed the frequency and distance of gene flow from a mature male transgenic Populus nigra plantation carrying the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin gene (Bt poplar) and the survival of Bt poplar seeds. The resultant Bt poplar seeds occurred at a frequency of ~0.15% at 0 m to ~0.02% at 500 m from the Bt poplar plantation. The germination of Bt poplar seeds diminished within three weeks in the field (germination rate from 68% to 0%) compared to 48% after three weeks of storage at 4°C. The survival rate of seedlings in the field was 0% without any treatment but increased to 1.7% under the addition of four treatments (cleaning and trimming, watering, weeding, and covering with plastic film to maintain moisture) after being seeded in the field for eight weeks. The results of this study indicate that gene flow originating from the Bt poplar plantation occurred at an extremely low level through pollen or seeds under natural conditions. This study provides first-hand field data on the extent of transgene flow in poplar plantations and offers guidance for the risk assessment of transgenic poplar plantations.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28085955</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>18</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1932-6203</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>12</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>PloS one</Title><ISOAbbreviation>PLoS One</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>An Empirical Assessment of Transgene Flow from a Bt Transgenic Poplar Plantation.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e0170201</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.pone.0170201</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>To assess the possible impact of transgenic poplar plantations on the ecosystem, we analyzed the frequency and distance of gene flow from a mature male transgenic Populus nigra plantation carrying the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin gene (Bt poplar) and the survival of Bt poplar seeds. The resultant Bt poplar seeds occurred at a frequency of ~0.15% at 0 m to ~0.02% at 500 m from the Bt poplar plantation. The germination of Bt poplar seeds diminished within three weeks in the field (germination rate from 68% to 0%) compared to 48% after three weeks of storage at 4°C. The survival rate of seedlings in the field was 0% without any treatment but increased to 1.7% under the addition of four treatments (cleaning and trimming, watering, weeding, and covering with plastic film to maintain moisture) after being seeded in the field for eight weeks. The results of this study indicate that gene flow originating from the Bt poplar plantation occurred at an extremely low level through pollen or seeds under natural conditions. This study provides first-hand field data on the extent of transgene flow in poplar plantations and offers guidance for the risk assessment of transgenic poplar plantations.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hu</LastName><ForeName>Jianjun</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Jin</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Xingling</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Changchun Academy of Forestry, Changchun, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lv</LastName><ForeName>Jinhui</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jia</LastName><ForeName>Huixia</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhao</LastName><ForeName>Shutang</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lu</LastName><ForeName>Mengzhu</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2017</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>13</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>PLoS One</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101285081</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1932-6203</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D001426">Bacterial Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001413" MajorTopicYN="N">Bacillus thuringiensis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001426" MajorTopicYN="N">Bacterial Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017753" MajorTopicYN="Y">Ecosystem</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D051456" MajorTopicYN="Y">Gene Flow</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018525" MajorTopicYN="N">Germination</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D030821" MajorTopicYN="N">Plants, Genetically Modified</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011058" MajorTopicYN="N">Pollen</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032107" MajorTopicYN="N">Populus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012306" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058614" MajorTopicYN="Y">Seed Dispersal</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012639" MajorTopicYN="N">Seeds</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2016</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2017</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>01</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2017</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2017</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28085955</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0170201</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">PONE-D-16-43646</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC5234794</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2008 Oct;19(10):2308-16</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19123371</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2009 May;18(10):2228-42</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19302359</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Am J Bot. 2010 Oct;97(10):1688-97</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21616802</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Ecol Evol. 2014 May;4(9):1629-47</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24967081</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Ecol Evol. 2014 May;4(10):1876-89</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24963382</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>New Phytol. 2012 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Sep;11(7):785-98</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23915092</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2010 Jan;19(1):132-45</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20002578</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>République populaire de Chine</li></country><region><li>Dongbei</li><li>Jilin</li></region><settlement><li>Changchun</li><li>Pékin</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hu, Jianjun" sort="Hu, Jianjun" uniqKey="Hu J" first="Jianjun" last="Hu">Jianjun Hu</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Chen, Xingling" sort="Chen, Xingling" uniqKey="Chen X" first="Xingling" last="Chen">Xingling Chen</name><name sortKey="Hu, Jianjun" sort="Hu, Jianjun" uniqKey="Hu J" first="Jianjun" last="Hu">Jianjun Hu</name><name sortKey="Jia, Huixia" sort="Jia, Huixia" uniqKey="Jia H" first="Huixia" last="Jia">Huixia Jia</name><name sortKey="Jia, Huixia" sort="Jia, Huixia" uniqKey="Jia H" first="Huixia" last="Jia">Huixia Jia</name><name sortKey="Lu, Mengzhu" sort="Lu, Mengzhu" uniqKey="Lu M" first="Mengzhu" last="Lu">Mengzhu Lu</name><name sortKey="Lu, Mengzhu" sort="Lu, Mengzhu" uniqKey="Lu M" first="Mengzhu" last="Lu">Mengzhu Lu</name><name sortKey="Lv, Jinhui" sort="Lv, Jinhui" uniqKey="Lv J" first="Jinhui" last="Lv">Jinhui Lv</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Jin" sort="Zhang, Jin" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jin" last="Zhang">Jin Zhang</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Jin" sort="Zhang, Jin" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jin" last="Zhang">Jin Zhang</name><name sortKey="Zhao, Shutang" sort="Zhao, Shutang" uniqKey="Zhao S" first="Shutang" last="Zhao">Shutang Zhao</name><name sortKey="Zhao, Shutang" sort="Zhao, Shutang" uniqKey="Zhao S" first="Shutang" last="Zhao">Shutang Zhao</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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